Water Balance and Quality Management in the Interrelated Aquifers Systems

The water balance calculation and water quality are very important matters in the groundwater management. The water balance includes two parameters: input and output parameters. The input parameter is consisted from surface recharge (precipitation, irrigation return water, surfaces runoff recharge) and underground inflow (flow from adjacent aquifers). The underground inflow is an important factor in almost aquifers. It could form an important part of the water balance and could have major effects on the water quality. Although, when the underground inflow water quality is different whit the aquifer water quality, it can affect the aquifer water quality. Therefore, identifying this parameter is very important in the groundwater management. This research shows the aquifer interrelation's roles in the water management by considering a real case study. In this real case there are two aquifers, an unconfined aquifer overly on a confined aquifer. An impermeable layer isolates these two aquifers. This layer is deleted in some area and causes connection between two aquifers. This relationship affects the unconfined water quality and its sustainability. In the dry seasons, when the water table is low and hydraulic gradient is upward, high quality water moves from confined aquifer into upper unconfined aquifer. This improves the unconfined aquifer water quality in the dry seasons and deeps layer. Also, it makes the unconfined aquifer very sustainable.